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Bangladesh Economic Zones Authority (BEZA)
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4 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
Project Location
The proposed Japanese Economic Zone (JEZ) site is located at Sonapara village, Mouza: Panchrukhi
& Panchgaon, Union: Satgram & Duptara, under Araihazar Upazila which is adjacent to the Dhaka–
Sylhet highway. The total land of Japanese Economic Zone (JEZ) is approximately 217.57 ha or 537.63
acres for 1st phase. The project site is near to Dhaka-Sylhet Highway in the north-west direction,
Shitalakhya River in west direction and Meghna River is in southeast direction. A canal pass through
the proposed project boundary and a branch of Meghna River named Brahmaputra River pass through
south direction to northwestern direction.
The project area mainly covers agricultural low land, and this location is suitable to access not only for
roadway but also river way. The study area considered major settings of roads, river, airport, railway
and port. The project activity areas are considered as core area and remaining study area as buffer
zone. The project site is well connected with Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport. Airport access: 30.2
km from Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport (Dhaka), 265 km from Shah Amanat International Airport
(Chittagong) & 221 km from Osmani International Airport (Sylhet), Seaport access: 258 km from
Chittagong Sea Port, 248 km from Mongla Sea Port & 314 km from Payra Sea Port, Road access:
Adjacent Dhaka-Sylhet Highway, River access: 31.5 km from Narayanganj River Port & 115 km from
Chandpur River Port, Railway station: 30.3 km from Kamalapur Railway Station, Dhaka. Environment
setting around JEZ site and surroundings of access road are given in Table 4-1 and Araihazar Upazila
map showing location of the proposed project site in Figure 4-1 . The project surrounding within 10 km
region is shown in Figure 4-2 below.
Table 4-1 Environmental Setting of the project
Particulars Details
Location Site is located at Union: Satgram & Duptara, Upazila: Araihajar, District: Narayanganj
Mouza Panchrukhi& Panchgaon
Nearby Villages West- Banti, Kumartek
North- Kandail, Prabashi palli
South-Manehor
East- Tekpara, Noagaon
Project Area Existing area approximately 198.7ha or 540.77 acres
Road Access Adjacent Dhaka-Sylhet Highway
River Access Approx. 1.5 km from Brahmaputra River
Approx. 5.5 km from Shitalakhya River
Approx. 9 km from Meghna River
Nearest Airport 30.2 km from Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport (Dhaka),
265 km from Shah Amanat International Airport (Chittagong)
221 km from Osmani International Airport (Sylhet)
Nearest Railway Station 30.3 km from Kamalapur Railway Station, Dhaka
Nearest Sea and River Port 258 km from Chittagong Sea Port,
248 km from Mongla Sea Port,
314 km from Payra Sea Port
31.5 km from Narayanganj River Port &
115 km from Chadpur River Port
Climatic conditions Avg. Monthly wind speed – 2-5 m/s;
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Particulars Details
Avg. Monthly Min. Temp. – 19.0°C January 1991;
Avg. Monthly Max. Temp. – 40.2°C in April 2014;
Annual Avg. Rainfall – 1994.6 mm;
Average maximum humidity ranges – 94% to 97%;
Average minimum average ranges – 31% to 64%;
Seismic Zone Zone II
Forests / National Parks None within 10 km
Archaeologically important
places/monuments
No Archaeologically important places/monuments near to the site
Figure 4 - 1 Project location at Araihazar upazila of Narayanganj
Source: Based on Banglapedia
ESIA STUDY OF THE BANGLADESH SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE
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4.2.8 Environmental Quality
4.2.8.1 Ambient Air Quality
The objective of the ambient air quality-monitoring program was to establish the baseline ambient air
quality in the study area. The profile of the study area is mainly Semi urban, which has a mix of scattered
settlements, Industries and agriculture areas. Major possible source of air pollution in this area is
industrial activities. Other activities, which add to the air pollution, are vehicular movement, dredging
and filling activities, agricultural activities, and domestic emissions.
The air quality monitoring locations selected based on the locations of settlements and receptors within
the study area. Logistical factors such as consent of villagers, mainly the house owners, power
connection, accessibility, security, etc. have also been taken into account in finalising the monitoring
stations.
Methodology of Air Quality Monitoring
The existing ambient air quality of the study area monitored at Eleven (11) locations during the
monitoring period (September 2018, December 2020 and July 2021). The monitoring parameters
included Particulate Matter (SPM, PM 10 and PM 2.5 ), Oxides of Sulphur (SO x ), Oxides of Nitrogen (NO x ),
and Carbon Monoxide (CO). SPM and CO monitored for 8 hours with the remaining parameters
monitored on a 24-hourly basis during the study period.
Selection of sampling locations
The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been established through a scientifically designed
ambient air quality-monitoring network. The ambient air quality monitoring locations (Figure 4-22) are
based on the following aspects covered in the field survey plan developed prior to the fieldwork:
• Meteorological conditions of the area are based on information provided by the
BMD observatory at Dhaka;
• Topography of the study area; and
• Location of sensitive receptors such as major settlements;
The particulate and gaseous samples collected during the monitoring have been analyzed as per the
procedures specified in Table 4-7 . The geographical locations and setting of the ambient air quality
monitoring locations has been presenting in Table 4-8 .
Table 4-7 Methodology used for Analysis of Ambient Air Quality
Sl. Parameter Analysis procedure
1. SPM Gravimetric method
2. PM 10 Gravimetric method
3. PM 2.5 Gravimetric method
4. SO 2
The colorimetric method at 560nm using spectrophotometer readings (West
Gaeke method)
5. NO x
The colorimetric method at 540 nm using spectrophotometer readings (Jacob
and Hochheiser method)
6. CO Digital CO meter
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Table 4-8 Ambient Air Quality Sampling Locations
Sl. Sampling Station Station
Code
Geographic
Location
Location
Setting
1. In front of Nurul Haque House; Vill: Maizpara, Union: Satgram,
Upazila: Araihazar AAQ_01 a 23°49'45.8"N
90°36'45.3"E Rural
2. In front of Panchbaria Boro bari; Vill: Panchbaria, Union:
Duptara,Upazila: Araihazar AAQ_02 a 23°49'15.26"N
90°37'52.77"E Rural
3. In front of Tekpara govt. primary school; Vill: Tekpara, Union:
Satgram, Upazila: Araihazar AAQ_03 a 23°50'00.4"N
90°38'00.5"E Rural
4. In front of Rahim sekh house; Vill: Shingrati, Union: Duptara,Upazila:
Araihazar AAQ_04 a 23°48'52.59"N
90°36'38.57"E Rural
5. Infront of Nasir Pradhan House; Vill: Dakhinpara, Union:
Duptara,Upazila: Araihazar AAQ_05 a 23°49'4.00"N
90°37'49.83"E Rural
6. Beside BSEZ boundary, Vill: Maizpara, Union: Satgram AAQ_06 b 23°49'49.86"N
90°37'6.19"E Rural
7. Near of Sonpara bonder Bari Jame Mosque; Vill: Sonpara, Union:
Satgram AAQ_07 b 23°50'1.49"N
90°37'19.43"E Rural
8. Beside BSEZ boundary, Danis Market area; Vill: Panchbaria, Union:
Duptara AAQ_08 b 23°49'19.21"N
90°37'52.10"E Rural
9. Within the BSEZ boundary, Vill: Shingrati, Union: Duptara AAQ_09 b 23°49'8.24"N
90°36'17.00"E Rural
10. Beside the base camp, Sonpara, Satgram, Araihazar AAQ_10 c 23°50'0.23"N
90°36'57.72"E Rural
11. Khanpara Graveyard, Duptara, Satgram, Araihazar AAQ_11 c 23°48'31.27"N
90°36'49.25"E Rural
a Updated Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the Proposed 50 MW Power Plant at Araihazar Economic Zone including Substation, Electricity
Transmission Line and Gas Transmission Line from the Haripur TBS to Dighi Barabo CGS, June 2020; data collected at September, 2018.
b ARAIHAZAR (JAPANESE) ECONOMIC ZONE LIMITED: Environmental Baseline Assessment - Land Development works. Environmental Baseline Monthly
Report, December, 2018, TOA Corporation.
c ESIA study of the Japaneese Economic Zone (CETP & CWTP), at Araihazar, Narayanganj data collected at July, 2021. Data collected during construction
of BSEZ.
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Ambient Air Quality in the Study Area
The monitored ambient air qualities are summarized in Table 4-9 .
Table 4-9 Ambient Air Quality in the Study Area
SL.
Sampling
Station Code
Ambient air quality concentration
PM 2.5 PM 10 SPM SO 2 NO x CO*
Unit μg/m 3 μg/m 3 μg/m 3 μg/m 3 μg/m 3 ppm
1. AAQ_01 a 46.6 105.2 152.1 8.4 27.5 2
2. AAQ_02 a 27.8 83.6 120.3 5.3 17.8 0.25
3. AAQ_03 a 32.8 92.4 135.5 6.8 20.1 1
4. AAQ_04 a 25.3 78.3 109.4 4.2 14.3 0.23
5. AAQ_05 a 35.7 89.1 125.4 6.6 12.4 0.50
6. AAQ_06 b 50.1 103.4 155.3 8.8 26.3 2
7. AAQ_07 b 29.6 91.5 125.4 6.2 16.6 1
8. AAQ_08 b 31.2 89.5 132.7 7.9 18.5 1
9. AAQ_09 b 20.7 91.5 118.7 5.0 16.2 1
10. AAQ_10 c 41.33 67.16 - 3.94 4.21 <1
11. AAQ_11 c 39.74 56.84 - 3.82 4.07 <1
Duration (hours) 24 24 8 24 24 8
Weather Condition Sunny
Bangladesh Standard (according to
Environmental Conservation Rules’ 1997
and subsequent amendments) **
65 150 200 365 65 9
Figure 4 - 27 Air quality monitoring stations used for the ESIA study
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SL.
Sampling
Station Code
Ambient air quality concentration
PM 2.5 PM 10 SPM SO 2 NO x CO*
Unit μg/m 3 μg/m 3 μg/m 3 μg/m 3 μg/m 3 ppm
IFC EHS Guideline (2007) *** 75 (24 hr)
35 (year)
150 (24 hr)
70 (year) - 500 (10 min)
125 (24 hr)
200 (1 hr)
40 (year) -
Method of analysis
Gravimetric
d AEROQUAL Series 500
Particulate matter monitor
Gravimetric
West
Geake
d AEROQUA
L Series 500
SO x monitor
Jacob and
Hochheiser
d AEROQUAL
Series 500
NO x monitor
Indicator
tube
d Lutron
AQ-9901
Note:
* CO concentrations and standards are 8-hourly only.
** The Bangladesh National Ambient Air Quality Standards have been taken from the Environmental Conservation Rules, 1997 which was amended on 19th
July 2005 vide S.R.O. No. 220-Law/2005.
***WHO Ambient Air Quality Guideline Values (2005 and 2000), which are also being referred to the World
Bank and IFC’s General EHS Guidelines (2007).
a Updated Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the Proposed 50 MW Power Plant at Araihazar Economic Zone including Substation, Electricity
Transmission Line and Gas Transmission Line from the Haripur TBS to Dighi Barabo CGS, June 2020; data collected at September, 2018.
b ARAIHAZAR (JAPANESE) ECONOMIC ZONE LIMITED: Environmental Baseline Assessment - Land Development works. Environmental Baseline Monthly
Report, December, 2018, TOA Corporation.
c ESIA study of the Japaneese Economic Zone (CETP & CWTP), at Araihazar, Narayanganj data collected at July, 2021. Data collected during construction
of BSEZ.
d These methods of analysis were used for AAQ_10 & AAQ_11 samples.
Analysis and Discussion of Result
PM 2.5
The 24-hourly average PM 2.5 concentration in ambient air in the study area was recorded in the range
of 20.7 μg/m 3 50.1 μg/m 3 . All the monitoring locations result was within the 24-hourly National Ambient
Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for PM2.5 in Bangladesh.
PM10
The 24-hourly average PM 10 concentration in ambient air in the study area was recorded in the range
of 78.3 μg/m 3 105.2 μg/m 3 . All monitoring locations result was within the 24-hourly National Ambient
Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for PM 10 in Bangladesh.
SPM
The 24-hourly average SPM concentration in ambient air in the study area was recorded in the range
of 109.4 μg/m 3 152.1 μg/m 3 . All monitoring locations result was within the 24-hourly National Ambient
Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for SPM in Bangladesh.
SO x
The 24-hourly average SO x concentration was recorded in the range of 3.82 μg/m 3 8.8 μg/m 3 . During
the monitoring period, the maximum SO x concentration was reported at project site as 8.8 μg/m 3 . SO x
concentrations at all the monitoring locations were reported well below 365 μg/m 3 , which is National
Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for SO x in Bangladesh.
NO x
The 24-hourly average NO x concentration was recorded in the range of 4.07 μg/m 3 27.5 μg/m 3 . There
are no stipulated standards for 24-hourly NO x concentration in Bangladesh. The annual Bangladesh
standard for NO x is 65 μg/m 3 and present concentrations at all the locations are well below this value.
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CO
The 8-hourly CO concentration was recorded at below 2ppm. CO concentrations were reported low at
all the monitoring locations while comparing with the Bangladesh Standards (9 ppm).
Quarterly monitoring data of air quality is also available from the SEZ site. Since the site is under
development, the air quality monitoring is ongoing. Below Table reports last 3 quarters’ air quality
monitoring data.
Table 4-10 Ambient Air Quality from Regular Periodic Monitoring in and around the Study Area
SL
.
Parameter
s Unit
Samplin
g
Station
Code
Ambient air pollution
concentration regular
periodic monitoring Duratio
n
(hours)
Weather
Conditio
n
Banglades
h Standard
(according
to ECR’s
1997 and
subsequent
amendment
in 2005)**
IFC EHS
Guidelin
e
(2007)***
Method of
analysis
Nov,
2020
(baseline
)
Feb,
2021
(durin
g
const.)
May,
2021
(durin
g
const.)
1. PM 2.5
μg/m
3
AAQ_06* 50.1 39.7 42.3
24
Sunny
65 75 (24 hr)
35 (year)
Gravimetri
c
AAQ_07* 29.6 32.6 29.5
AAQ_08* 31.2 27.9 26.6
AAQ_09* 20.7 24.1 32.2
2. PM 10
μg/m
3
AAQ_06* 103.4 109.5 115.4
24 150
150 (24
hr)
70 (year)
AAQ_07* 91.5 96.8 88.9
AAQ_08* 89.5 92.2 90.3
AAQ_09* 91.5 97.6 101.5
3. SPM μg/m
3
AAQ_06* 155.3 161.9 168.1
8 200 -
AAQ_07* 125.4 136 123.3
AAQ_08* 132.7 129.4 124.4
AAQ_09* 118.7 147.5 156.2
4. SO 2
μg/m
3
AAQ_06* 8.8 9.1 8.7
24 365
500 (10
min)
125 (24
hr)
West
Geake
AAQ_07* 6.2 5.2 6.2
AAQ_08* 7.9 7.2 5.3
AAQ_09* 5.0 6.1 7.4
5. NO x
μg/m
3
AAQ_06* 26.3 31.7 29.5
24 65 200 (1 hr)
40 (year)
Jacob and
Hochheiser
AAQ_07* 16.6 18.6 20.8
AAQ_08* 18.5 16.5 15.6
AAQ_09* 16.2 21.3
6. CO ppm
AAQ_06* 2 2 2
8 9 - Indicator
tube
AAQ_07* 1 1 1
AAQ_08* 1 1 1
AAQ_09* 1 2 1
Note:
* ARAIHAZAR (JAPANESE) ECONOMIC ZONE LIMITED: Environmental Baseline Assessment - Land Development works. Environmental Baseline Monthly
Report, December, 2018, TOA Corporation.
** The Bangladesh National Ambient Air Quality Standards have been taken from the Environmental Conservation Rules, 1997 which was amended on 19th
July 2005 vide S.R.O. No. 220-Law/2005.
*** WHO Ambient Air Quality Guideline Values (2005 and 2000), which are also being referred to the World Bank and IFC’s Gener al EHS Guidelines (2007).
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4.2.8.2 Ambient Noise Levels
Noise levels were recorded at twenty-two (22) locations in the study area during the monitoring period
( Figure 4-28 ). Noise levels were recorded in the form of sound pressure levels with the help of a digital
sound level meter. The details of noise monitoring locations are shown in Table 4-11 . The purpose of
ambient noise level measurement was to determine sound intensity at the monitoring locations. These
locations were chosen in such a way that a representative data could be record all over the block. The
sound level recorded in form of A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level (L eq ) values
with the use of A-weighting filters in the noise-measuring instrument.
Table 4-11 Details of the noise monitoring locations in the project area
Sl. Location Location
Code
Geographic
location
Location
setting
1. In front of Abdul Barez House; Vill: Maizpara, Union: Satgram NL_01 a 23°49'51.9"N
90°36'52.4"E Residential
2. In front of Danis Market; Vill: Panchbaria, Union: Duptara NL_02 a 23°49'18.2"N
90°38'04.5"E Commercial
3. In front of Israil House; Vill: Tekpara, Union: Satgram, Upazila:
Araihajar NL_03 a 23°50'11.8"N
90°37'58.8"E Residential
4. In front of Arju mia house; Vill: Shingrati, Union: Duptara NL_04 a 23°48'47.6"N
90°36'40.0"E Residential
5. In front of Sonpara bonder Bari Jame Mosque; Vill: Sonpara, Union:
Satgram NL_05 a 23°50'07.4"N
90°37'18.7"E Silent
6. In front of Sonpara govt. primary school;
Vill: Sonpara, Union: Satgram NL_06 a 23°50'04.1"N
90°37'01.4"E Silent
7. In front of Naziruddin community clinic; Vill: Panchrukhi, Union:
Satgram NL_07 a 23°49'26.8"N
90°36'26.6"E Silent
8. In front of Methila group; Vill: Shingrati, Union: Duptara NL_08 a 23°48'28.9"N
90°36'30.3"E Industrial
9. In front of Rafiq molla house, Vill: Sonpara, Union: Satgram NL_09 a 23°50'10.8"N
90°37'07.9"E Residential
10. In front of Nurul hoque house; Vill: Panchrukhi, Union: Satgram, NL_10 a 23°49'39.6"N
90°36'38.0"E Residential
11. In front of Hekim Prodhan House, Vill: Panchbaria Gram, Union:
Duptara NL_11 b 23°49'10.54"N
90°37'43.47"E Residential
12. Dakkhin Para Jame Mosque, Vill: Panchbaria
Gram, Union: Duptara NL_12 b 23°49'1.56"N
90°37'48.85"E Silent
13. In front of Uttar Dewan Para Mosque, Vill: Panchbaria Gram, Union:
Duptara NL_13 b 23°48'37.45"N
90°37'59.23"E Silent
14. Beside BSEZ boundary, Vill: Maizpara, Union: Satgram NL_14 c 23°49'49.86"N
90°37'6.19"E Residential
15. Near of Sonpara bonder Bari Jame Mosque; Vill: Sonpara, Union:
Satgram NL_15 c 23°50'1.45"N
90°37'19.43"E Residential
16. Beside BSEZ boundary, Danis Market area; Vill: Panchbaria, Union:
Duptara NL_16 c 23°49'19.32"N
90°37'52.01"E Residential
17 Within the BSEZ boundary, Vill: Shingrati, Union: Duptara NL_17 c 23°49'8.14"N
90°36'17.25"E Residential
18. Beside BSEZ boundary, Vill: Shingrati, Union: Duptara NL_18 c 23°49'4.21"N
90°36'37.08"E Residential
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Sl. Location Location
Code
Geographic
location
Location
setting
19. Beside the Basecamp, Sonpara, Satgram, Araihazar, Narayanganj NL_19 d 23°50'0.23"N
90°36'57.72"E Residential
20. Khanpara Graveyard, Duptara, Satgram, Araihazar, Narayanganj NL_20 d 23°48'31.27"N
90°36'49.25"E Residential
21. Paschimpara, Panchrukhi, Satgram, Araihazar, Narayanganj NL_21 d 23°49'24.86"N
90°36'14.74"E Residential
22. Ward 7, Panchbaria Graveyard Road, Panchbaria, Satgram,
Araihazar, Narayanganj NL_22 d 23°49'13.63"N
90°37'42.56"E Residential
NOTES:
a. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of Araihazar (Japanese) Economic Zone Limited at Araihazar, Narayanganj, May 2018; data collected at
September, 2017.
b. Updated Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the Proposed 50 MW Power Plant at Araihazar Economic Zone including Substation, Electricity
Transmission Line and Gas Transmission Line from the Haripur TBS to Dighi Barabo CGS, June 2020; data collected at September, 2018.
c.. ARAIHAZAR (JAPANESE) ECONOMIC ZONE LIMITED: Environmental Baseline Assessment - Land Development works. Environmental Baseline Monthly
Report, December, 2018, TOA Corporation.
d. ESIA study of the Japanese Economic Zone (CETP & CWTP), at Araihazar, Narayanganj data collected in July, 2021. Data collected during construction
of BSEZ.
Table 4-12 summarizes the measured ambient noise levels at each monitoring location. The noise level
at sampling locations are within the standard limit of ECR’97 (subsequent amendment in 2006) except
some locations. The project area falls into residential area according to the Bangladesh Environmental
Quality Standard ECR’97 categorization though this area has some factories which areas sampling
data exceed the noise level standard.
The Project will comply with the noise emission criteria as per the standards stipulated in the reference
framework, i.e. Schedule 4 of Environmental Conservation Rules (ECR), 1997 of Bangladesh as well
as Noise Level Guidelines as prescribed in the IFC EHS Guideline (2007).
Figure 4 - 28 Noise quality measurements locations at the project area
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Table 4-12 Results of noise level measurements at the project site
Location
Noise level [dB(A)] Dry Season Applicable standard
(dB(A))*
IFC EHS Guideline
(2007) Location
setting
L eq (day) L eq
(night) Lmax Lmin Day Night Day Night
NL_01 a 54 44.5 72 43.3 55 45 55 45 Residential
NL_02 a 63.8 59.9 70.1 58.7 70 60 70 70 Commercial
NL_03 a 62.6 47.5 72 44.2 55 45 55 45 Residential
NL_04 a 54.5 44.3 75.7 43.1 55 45 55 45 Residential
NL_05 a 49.2 39.8 70.4 39.4 50 40 55 45 Silent
NL_06 a 55.3 43.8 76.6 39.6 50 40 55 45 Silent
NL_07 a 63.5 57.4 84.8 56.5 50 40 55 45 Silent
NL_08 a 65.9 60.5 78 57 75 70 70 70 Industrial
NL_09 a 54.6 44.9 81.7 42.6 55 45 55 45 Residential
NL_10 a 52.2 44.6 71.7 43.4 55 45 55 45 Residential
NL_11 b 52.3 44.6 70.4 42.1 55 45 55 45 Residential
NL_12 b 50.6 43.1 68.2 38.5 50 40 55 45 Silent
NL_13 b 49.4 42.8 67.1 37.5 50 40 55 45 Silent
NL_14 c 56.6 38.6 70.5 44.6 55 45 55 45 Residential
NL_15 c 57.8 42.6 67.9 46.8 55 45 55 45 Residential
NL_16 c 52,5 44.3 74.8 53.9 55 45 55 45 Residential
NL_17 c 58.3 37.1 76.7 65.1 55 45 55 45 Residential
NL_18 c 52.5 36.2 75.8 68.1 55 45 55 45 Residential
NL_19 d 55.36 42.57 58.11 47.35 55 45 55 45 Residential
NL_20 d 52.62 40.38 51.10 40.73 55 45 55 45 Residential
NL_21 d 63.19 54.75 82.49 50.09 55 45 55 45 Residential
NL_22 d 53.06 41.77 59.60 45.57 55 45 55 45 Residential
Note:
a. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of Araihazar (Japanese) Economic Zone Limited at Araihazar, Narayanganj, May 2018; data collected at
September, 2017.
b. Updated Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the Proposed 50 MW Power Plant at Araihazar Economic Zone including Substation, Electricity
Transmission Line and Gas Transmission Line from the Haripur TBS to Dighi Barabo CGS, June 2020; data collected at September, 2018.
c.. ARAIHAZAR (JAPANESE) ECONOMIC ZONE LIMITED: Environmental Baseline Assessment - Land Development works. Environmental Baseline Monthly
Report, December, 2018, TOA Corporation.
d. ESIA study of the Japanese Economic Zone (CETP & CWTP), at Araihazar, Narayanganj data collected in July 2021. Data collected during construction of
BSEZ.
*Environmental Conservation Rules, 1997 (subsequent amendment in 2006)
ESIA STUDY OF THE BANGLADESH SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE
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4.2.8.3 Water Quality
c. Surface Water Quality
Water sampling and analysis were undertaken to understand the overall baseline water quality
characteristics of the surface water in the study area. Surface water samples were taken from
representative selected surface water body’s sources representing different parts of the study area.
The surface water sampling collected from the Dhawrakhali canal to the project area. Surface water
sampling locations were selected to obtain a representative water sample from various zones within the
study area. Eight (8) samples of surface water were collected from the canal were collected ( Figure
4-29 ). Detail of the sampling location provided in Table 4-13 .
Table 4-13 Details of Surface Water Sampling Locations
Sl. Sampling location Sampling
Code
Geographic
location
Type of
Source
1. Dhawrakhali Khal (Up-stream) Village: Tekpara SW_01a 23°49'51.97"N
90°37'25.15"E Canal
2. Dhawrakhali Khal (Down-stream); Village: Panchrukhi SW_02a 23°48'56.8"N
90°36'09.5"E Canal
3. Near Ekhlas spinning mill, Tarabo Paurashava, Rupganj SW_03b 23°49'38.29"N
90°37'8.79"E Canal
4. Dhawrakhali Khal, Village: Tekpara SW_04c 23°49'56.84"N
90°37'25.58"E Canal
5. Dhawrakhali Khal (Up-stream), inside BSEZ boundary SW_05c 23°49'6.14"N
90°36'25.57"E Canal
6. Dhawrakhali Khal (Down-stream), inside BSEZ boundary SW_06c 23°49'24.67"N
90°37'4.45"E Canal
7. Morakhal, Purinda, Satgram, Araihazar, Narayanganj SW_07d 23°50'31.68"N
90°37'52.94"E Canal
8. Khanpara, Satgram, Araihazar, Narayanganj SW_08d 23°48'55.39"N
90°35'59.73"E Canal
Methods
The samples were analyzed for parameters covering Bacteriological and physico-chemical
characteristics which include certain heavy metals and trace elements. The samples were collected
with Kemmerer Bottle and then transferred in 1-liter plastic sampling bottles and 250 ml sterilized clean
PET bottle for complete physio-chemical and bacteriological tests respectively. The sampling bottles
were then kept in an ice cooler. The samples were analyzed as per standard procedures/methods given
in Standard Method for Examination of Water and Wastewater Edition 20, published by APHA. Details
of the analysis method and protocol are presented in Table 4-14 .
Table 4-14 Methods used for Water Analysis
Sl. Parameter Unit Test method (APHA)
1. Temperature °C Digital thermometer
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Sl. Parameter Unit Test method (APHA)
2. TDS ppt Digital TDS meter
3. EC μS/cm Digital EC meter
4. DO mg/l Digital DO meter
5. pH Digital pH meter
6. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) mg/l 5 days incubation
7. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) mg/l CRM
8. Chloride (Cl-) mg/l Titrimetric
9. Hardness mg/l Titrimetric
10. Iron (Fe) mg/l AAS
11. Manganese (Mn) mg/l AAS
12. Sulphate (SO4) mg/l UVS
13. Nitrate (NO3) mg/l UVS
14. Ammonia (NH4) mg/l UVS
15. Total Suspended Solid (TSS) mg/l Gravity Multimeter
16. Turbidity NTU Turbidity Meter
17. Alkalinity mg/l Titrimetric
18. Calcium (Ca2+) mg/l Titrimetric
19. Phosphate (PO4) mg/l UVS
20. Arsenic (As) mg/l AAS
21. Fluoride mg/l UVS
22. Lead (Pb) mg/l AAS
23. Coliform (Faecal) mg/l MFM
24. Coliform (Total) mg/l MFM
NOTE:
AAS-Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, UVS-UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, CRM-Closed Reflex Methods, MFM-Membrane Filtration Method
The quality of surface water was compared with the standards for Inland Surface Water, Environment
Conservation Rules (ECR, 1997-Schedule 3). The standards have been presented along with the
monitoring results of surface water for comparison.
The surface water quality compared with the Bangladesh ECR standard for best practice-based
classification criteria. Table 4-15 shows the results of analysis. Some of the water analysis parameters
discussed below in detail:
A certain quantity of surface water was collected from upstream and downstream areas of the
Dhawrakhali Canal. The surface water quality of Dhawrakhali canal is acceptable in the monsoon
season. However, in the dry season the water became polluted because of untreated water discharge
from Dyeing industry. The concentration level of BOD, COD and TSS are above the Bangladesh
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Standard for some locations. In addition, the concentration level of chloride and hard particles in the
water is shown in the table below to be clearly published Bangladesh Standard.
Figure 4 - 29 Locations of surface water quality measurements
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Table 4-15 Results of the surface water quality analysis
Characteristics Unit
Concentration Present Bangladesh Standard*
WHO
Standard SW_01 a SW_02 a SW_03 b SW_04 c SW_05 c SW_06 c SW_07 d SW_08 d
Source of
drinking water
for supply only
after
disinfecting
Water usable
for
recreational
activity
Source of
drinking water
for supply
after
conventional
treatment
Water
usable
by
fisheries
Water
usable by
the various
process and
cooling
industries
Water
usable
for
irrigation
Temperature ºC 29.0 28.6 27.5 22.4 23.4 23.8 29.5 29.8 - - - - - - -
BOD mg/l 6 2 3.1 - - - 4.0 1.0 2 or less 3 or less 3 or less 6 of
less 10 or less 10 or
less -
COD mg/l 24 8 80 49 59 39 16.0 4.0 - -
EC μS/cm 190 150 720 352 403 393 376 345 - - - - - - 2000 by
EPA
DO mg/l 6.62 6.19 7.8 6.09 6.80 6.57 6.4 6.7 6 or above 5 of more 6 or more 5 or
more 5 or more 5 or more -
pH - 7.21 6.82 8.76 7.80 7.49 7.53 7.06 7.07 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 9.2
TDS ppt 0.09 0.08 0.36 0.183 0.192 0.206 0.247 0.218 - - - - - - 1500
Chloride mg/l 22 19 18.9 33 41 37 20 16 - - 250
Hardness mg/l 85 75 202 - - - 130 125 - - 500
Iron (Fe) mg/l 0.54 0.25 0.06 0.59 0.33 0.17 0.96 0.58 - - 0.3
Manganese (Mn) mg/l 0.03 0.04 0.2 0.03 0.08 0.05 0.03 0.05 - - 0.1
Sulphate mg/l 1 0 20 2 5 3 2 1 - - 400
Nitrate (NO3) mg/l - - - - - - 1 1.3
Ammonia (NH4) mg/l - - - - - - 0.10 0.13
Total Suspended
Solid (TSS) mg/l 14 13 15 28 16 15 7 6 - - -
Turbidity NTU 7.2 4.6 8.9 115 11.48 11.27 14 13 - - 5>
Alkalinity mg/l - - 128 - - - - - - -
Calcium mg/l - - 21 48 22 51 - - - -
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Characteristics Unit
Concentration Present Bangladesh Standard*
WHO
Standard SW_01 a SW_02 a SW_03 b SW_04 c SW_05 c SW_06 c SW_07 d SW_08 d
Source of
drinking water
for supply only
after
disinfecting
Water usable
for
recreational
activity
Source of
drinking water
for supply
after
conventional
treatment
Water
usable
by
fisheries
Water
usable by
the various
process and
cooling
industries
Water
usable
for
irrigation
Phosphate mg/l - - - 1.08 0.37 0.17 1.2 0.90 8
Arsenic mg/l - - - <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 - - 0.05
Fluoride mg/l - - - 0.013 0.01 0.002 - - 2 0.01
Lead mg/l - - - <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 - - 0.1
Coliform (Faecal) mg/l - - 2 13 16 11 - - - -
Coliform (Total)/100 mg/l - - 6 >100 >100 >100 - - 50 or less 200 or less 5000 or less - 5000 or less 1000 or
less
a. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of Araihazar (Japanese) Economic Zone Limited at Araihazar, Narayanganj, May 2018; data collected at September, 2017.
b. Updated Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the Proposed 50 MW Power Plant at Araihazar Economic Zone including Substation, Electricity Transmission Line and Gas Transmission Line from the Haripur TBS to Dighi Barabo CGS,
June 2020; data collected at September, 2018.
c.. ARAIHAZAR (JAPANESE) ECONOMIC ZONE LIMITED: Environmental Baseline Assessment - Land Development works. Environmental Baseline Monthly Report, December, 2018, TOA Corporation.
d. ESIA study of the Japanese Economic Zone (CETP & CWTP), at Araihazar, Narayanganj data collected at July, 2021. Data collected during construction of BSEZ.
* Bangladesh Environment Conservation Rules, 1997- Schedule 3 (Standards for inland surface water)
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d. Ground Water Quality
The water sampling and analysis were undertaken to understand the overall baseline water quality of
the groundwater in the study area. Groundwater samples were taken from representatively selected
groundwater sources representing different parts of the study area.
The groundwater sampling locations were selected to obtain a representative water sample from
various zones within the study area. The samples were collected from existing tube wells (hand-tube
wells being used by the villagers). A total Nine (9) groundwater samples were collected from different
locations of project area. Details of the sampling locations provided in Table 4-16 , while locations of the
sampling points are shown in Figure 4-30 .
Table 4-16 Details of Ground Water Sampling Locations
Sl. Sampling location Sampling
Code
Geographic
location
Type of
Source
1. In front of Bacchu mia House, Vill: Sonpara, Union: Satgram,Upazila:
Araihajar GW_01a 23°49'56.5"N
90°37'02.6"E Tube well
2. In front of Bacchu mia House, Vill: Sonpara, Union: Satgram, Upazila:
Araihajar GW_02a 23°49'18.2"N
90°38'06.5"E Tube well
3. In front of Arju mia Sentu House, Vill: Shingrati, Union: Duptara,Upazila:
Araihajar GW_03a 23°48'47.6"N
90°36'40.0"E Tube well
4. In front of Ali Ahmed House, Vill: Panchbaria, Union: Duptara,Upazila:
Araihajar GW_04a 23°49'11.8"N
90°37'44.7"E Tube well
5. In front of Sonpara bonder Bari Jame Mosque; Vill: Sonpara, Union:
Satgram GW_05b 23°50'4.16"N
90°37'2.73"E Tube well
6. Beside BSEZ boundary, Vill: Shingrati, Union: Duptara GW_06b 23°49'4.39"N
90°36'37.44"E Tube well
7. Beside BSEZ boundary, Danis Market area; Vill: Panchbaria, Union:
Duptara GW_07b 23°49'18.99"N
90°37'52.55"E Tube well
8. Tekpara Primary School, Satgram, Araihazar, Narayanganj GW_08c 23°50'0.30"N
90°38'0.81"E Tube well
9. Bhuiyanpara, Khanpara, Satgram, Araihazar, Narayanganj GW_09c 23°49'5.53"N
90°36'10.87"E Tube well
The samples were analyzed for parameters covering Bacteriological and physico-chemical
characteristics which include certain heavy metals and trace elements. The samples were collected
with Kemmerer Bottle and then transferred in 1-liter plastic sampling bottles and 250 ml sterilized clean
PET bottle for complete physio-chemical and bacteriological tests respectively. The sampling bottles
were then kept in an ice cooler.
The samples were analyzed as per standard procedure/method given in Standard Method for
Examination of Water and Wastewater Edition 20, published by APHA. Details of the analysis method
and protocol are presented in Table 4-17 .
Table 4-17 Methods for Water Analysis
Sl. Parameter Unit Test method (APHA)
1. Temperature °C Digital thermometer
2. TDS ppt Digital TDS meter
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Sl. Parameter Unit Test method (APHA)
3. EC μS/cm Digital EC meter
4. DO mg/l Digital DO meter
5. pH Digital pH meter
6. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) mg/l 5 days incubation
7. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) mg/l CRM
8. Chloride mg/l Titrimetric
9. Lead (Pb) mg/l AAS
10. Iron (Fe) mg/l AAS
11. Hardness mg/l Titrimetric
12. Alkalinity mg/l Titrimetric
13. Manganese (Mn) mg/l AAS
14. Sulphate mg/l UVS
15. Total Suspended Solid (TSS) mg/l Gravity Multimeter
16. Turbidity NTU Turbidity Meter
17. Phosphate mg/l UVS
18. Fluoride mg/l UVS
19. Calcium mg/l Titrimetric
20. Coliform (Faecal) N/100ml MFM
21. Coliform (Total) N/100ml MFM
22. Arsenic (As) mg/l AAS
NOTE:
AAS-Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, UVS-UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, CRM-Closed Reflex Methods, MFM-Membrane Filtration Method
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The quality of groundwater was compared with the Drinking Water Standard ECR-Schedule-3, 1997.
The standards have been presenting along with the monitoring of the results of groundwater for
comparison. The assessment of potential impacts to groundwater has considered Schedule 3 of ECR,
1997 of the GOB and the WHO Guidelines.
In 1993, the Department of Public Health Engineering (DPHE) first detected arsenic in hand tube wells
(HTWs), and arsenic contamination has become one of the most pressing environmental issues in
Bangladesh. The World Health Organization has defined the tolerance limit of arsenic for drinking water
as 0.01mg/L, while the Bangladesh standard for arsenic in drinking water is 0.05mg/L. The arsenic
content of the project site is 0.02 mg/l, which is within the Bangladesh Standards (0.05mg/l).
The survey team collected groundwater samples from tube wells in and around the JEZ area. The result
of the groundwater field samples and the GoB standards for potable water (ECR, 1997) is shown below
in Table 4-18 . The concentration levels of Manganese (Mn) & BOD of tube well found above the
standard set by the DOE, GoB for drinking water. But the levels of pH, TDS, As, Ca, COD, Chloride,
Fluoride, Fe, Pb, Phosphate, Sulphate, TSS and turbidity were found to be within the limit set by the
DOE, GoB for drinking water. The average depths of deep tube wells for drinking water are at least 600
700 feet. After consultation with the DPHE officer of Araihazar, according to the overall water quality
data, practically good quality and quantity of groundwater are available in and around the project site.
Figure 4 - 30 Groundwater sampling points in and around the project site
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Table 4-18 Results of groundwater analysis
Sl. Parameters Unit
Sampling code Bangladesh
Standard* WHO
GW_01 a GW_02 a GW_03 a GW_04 b GW_05 b GW_06 c GW_07 c GW_08 d GW_09 d
1. Temperature 0C 27.3 26.0 27.4 27.3 24.1 24 24 26.2 25.8 20-30 °C -
2. EC μS/cm 540 1130 510 780 - - - 158 692 - (2,000 by EPA)
3. pH - 7.80 7.42 7.25 8.63 7.70 7.74 7.75 7.89 7.90 6.5-8.5 9.2
4. DO mg/L 7.80 7.01 7.61 8.0 8.10 8.15 8.26 6.4 3.2 6 -
5. TDS ppt 0.28 0.57 0.26 0.39 0.158 0.340 0.373 0.0982 0.475 - 1500
6. Arsenic (As) mg/L 0.001 0.001 0.001 <0.010 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.001 0.001 0.05 mg/l 0.05
7. Calcium (Ca) mg/L 303 268 287 19 - - - - - 75 200.0
8. COD mg/L 4 4 4 4 <3 <3 <3 4.0 4.0 4.0 -
9. Chloride mg/L 45 150 52 20+ <10 24.5 <10 240 70 150-600 250.0
10. Coliform (Faecal) N/100ml 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0
11. Coliform (Total) N/100ml 6 3 0 5 25 10 0 0 0 0 0
12. Fluoride mg/L 0.67 1.72 0.44 0.13 <0.10 0.25 <0.10 0.20 0.24 1.0 1.5
13. Iron (Fe) mg/L 0.42 0.19 0.36 0.01 0.25 >3 1.65 0.53 5.40 0.3-1 0.3
14. Lead (Pb) mg/L 0.021 0.001 0.001 0.002 - - - 0.001 0.001 0.05 0.01
15. Manganese (Mn) mg/L 0.10 0.46 0.11 0.3 <0.02 <0.02 0.06 0.49 0.03 0.1 0.1
16. Phosphate mg/L 0.32 0.43 0.37 0 - - - 0.75 0.60 6.0 -
17. Sulphate mg/L 4 5 6 3.0 - - - 2 3 400 400
18. Total Suspended Solid (TSS) mg/L 15 12 13 4 - - - 7 10 10 -
19. Turbidity NTU 3.9 3.1 4.2 6.2 0.51 1.02 1.87 4 4 10 5>
20. BOD mg/L 1 1 1 3.3 - - 0.2 -
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Sl. Parameters Unit
Sampling code Bangladesh
Standard* WHO
GW_01 a GW_02 a GW_03 a GW_04 b GW_05 b GW_06 c GW_07 c GW_08 d GW_09 d
21. Total hardness mg/L - - - - 115 29 80 - - 200-500
22. Alkalinity mg/L - - - - 182 143 196 - - 20-200
a. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of Araihazar (Japanese) Economic Zone Limited at Araihazar, Narayanganj, May 2018; data collected at September, 2017.
b. Updated Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the Proposed 50 MW Power Plant at Araihazar Economic Zone including Substation, Electricity Transmission Line and Gas Transmission Line from the Haripur TBS to Dighi Barabo CGS,
June 2020; data collected at September, 2018.
c.. ARAIHAZAR (JAPANESE) ECONOMIC ZONE LIMITED: Environmental Baseline Assessment - Land Development works. Environmental Baseline Monthly Report, December 2018, TOA Corporation.
d. ESIA study of the Japanese Economic Zone (CETP & CWTP), at Araihazar, Narayanganj data collected at July, 2021. Data collected during construction of BSEZ.
* Bangladesh Environment Conservation Rules, 1997- Schedule 3 (Standards for inland surface water)